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, e.g. by sending probe packets at rate x

Contrary to most existing schemes that use probing, it is not required to send the probe packets at the requested rate. We can have an accurate estimation by sending at much lower rates, so that the probing process will not contribute significantly to the network's congestion.

By “best value” we mean that several paths may exist for the source-destination pair (i,j), but Kv(i,j) will store, for instance, the smallest known delay for all paths going from i to j if qv is the delay metric. We will discuss later how the path QoS matrices are computed from the link matrices.