The Ghost in the Machine

Reading

It will be indicated what texts lectures and seminars are based on, and of course there will be reading for each seminar. The reading for seminars will be anounced in the previous lectures and seminars.

Main texts:

I would like you to read the full original texts of Turing and Descartes because a game of "chinese whispers" has been played with these writers and modern sources simply can't be trusted to give an accurate picture.

• Rene Descartes: Meditations on First Philosophy - particularly the 1st, 2nd and 6th Meditations.

• Alan Turing:Computing machinery and Intelligence ’ (1950) Mind, 59, 433-460
Reprinted in The Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence, Ed. M. A. Boden, Oxford; Oxford University Press, 1990 (available on line)

• Harnish, Robert M. 2002. Minds, Brains, Computers. An Historical Introduction to the Foundations of Cognitive Science. Oxford: Blackwell.
Library shelfmark: QZ 1000 Har

• P. M. Churchland. Matter and Consciousness. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, first published 1988.
Library shelfmark: BF 161 Chu

• Green, David W. et al. 1996. Cognitive Science. An Introduction. Oxford, Blackwell.
Library shelfmark: Short QZ 1000 Cog

• Blay Whitby, Artificial Intelligence: A Beginners Guide (2003), OneWorld, Oxford. Library shelfmark: Main / QZ 1260 Whi


Some further reading:
• John Searle, ‘Minds, brains, and programs’ (1980)
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 3 (3), 417-457
Reprinted in The Philosophy of Artificial Intelligence, Ed. M. A. Boden, Oxford; Oxford University Press, 1990
• Bechtel, William and Graham, George (editors). 1998. A Companion to Cognitive Science. Oxford: Blackwell.
Library shelfmark: Short QZ 1000 Com

• Daniel Dennett, ‘True believers’ (1987)
In: Scientific Explanations, Ed. A. F. Heath, Oxford
Reprinted in Mind and Cognition: A Reader, Ed. W. G. Lycan, London; Blackwell, 1989, 2nd edition: 1999
• Frank Jackson, ‘Epiphenomenal qualia’ (1982)
Philosophical Quarterly, 32, 127-136.
Reprinted in Mind and Cognition: A Reader, Ed. W. G. Lycan, London; Blackwell, 1989,
2nd edition: 1999
• Jeremy Fodor, ‘Precis on The Modularity of Mind’ (1985)
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 8, 1-42
• Robert Gordon, ‘Folk psychology as mental simulation’ (1986)
Mind and Language, 1, 158-171.
Reprinted in Folk Psychology: The Theory of Mind Debate, Ed. M. Davies & T. Stone, Oxford; Blackwell, 1995
Also reprinted in Mind and Cognition: A Reader, Ed. W. G. Lycan, London; Blackwell, 1989, 2nd edition: 1999
See also:
http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/folkpsych-simulation/
• David Chalmers, ‘Facing up to the problem of consciousness’ (1995)
Journal of Consciousness Studies, 2 (3), pp. 200-219
• Todd Moody, ‘Conversations with zombies’ (1994)
Journal of Consciousness Studies, 1 (2), pp. 196-200
• Noam Chomsky, ‘Recent contributions to the theory of innate ideas’ (1967)
Synthese 17, 2-11.
• Leda Cosmides and John Tooby, ‘Origins of domain specificity: The evolution of functional organisation’ (1994)
In: Mapping the Mind: Domain specificity in cognition and culture. Eds. L. Hirshfeld and S. Gelman. NY, Cambridge University Press, pp. 85-116.



Other resources:

• Andy Clark, 2001, Mindware: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Cognitive Science, Oxford; Oxford University Press
Textbook
• John Haugeland, 1997, Mind Design II, Cambridge, MA, MIT Press
Collection of seminal papers



Some Internet Resources:

http://www.sussex.ac.uk/philosophy/1-3-10.html

• MITECS: The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences. Edited by Robert A. Wilson and Frank C. Keil
This should also be available online, but it seems that the library does not have a subscription to it. I will try to find out, please find out for yourselves as well.
• PNP primer
www.x-philosophy.com/bntowl/primer-pnp.html
Primer for undergrads at Washington in Philosophy/Neuroscience/Psychology program
• Online available papers by Dan Dennett, very important philosopher of mind and cog sci, most famous for introducing the Intentional stance
ase.tufts.edu/cogstud/pubpage.htm
• Stanford encyclopedia of philosophy:
plato.stanford.edu
Among other things, for folk psychology and mental simulation
• BBC Reith Lectures:
www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/reith2003/links.shtml